����JFIFXX�����    $.' ",#(7),01444'9=82<.342  2!!22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222����"��4�� ���,�PG"Z_�4�˷����kjز�Z�,F+��_z�,�© �����zh6�٨�ic�fu���#ډb���_�N�?��wQ���5-�~�I���8����TK<5o�Iv-�����k�_U_�����~b�M��d����Ӝ�U�Hh��?]��E�w��Q���k�{��_}qFW7HTՑ��Y��F�?_�'ϔ��_�Ջt��=||I ��6�έ"�����D���/[�k�9���Y�8ds|\���Ҿp6�Ҵ���]��.����6�z<�v��@]�i%��$j��~�g��J>��no����pM[me�i$[����s�o�ᘨ�˸ nɜG-�ĨU�ycP�3.DB�li�;��hj���x7Z^�N�h������N3u{�:j�x�힞��#M&��jL P@_���� P��&��o8������9�����@Sz6�t7#O�ߋ �s}Yf�T���lmr����Z)'N��k�۞p����w\�Tȯ?�8`�O��i{wﭹW�[�r�� ��Q4F�׊���3m&L�=��h3����z~��#�\�l :�F,j@�� ʱ�wQT����8�"kJO���6�֚l����}���R�>ډK���]��y����&����p�}b��;N�1�m�r$�|��7�>e�@B�TM*-iH��g�D�)� E�m�|�ؘbҗ�a��Ҿ����t4���o���G��*oCN�rP���Q��@z,|?W[0�����:�n,jWiE��W��$~/�hp\��?��{(�0���+�Y8rΟ�+����>S-S����VN;�}�s?.����� w�9��˟<���Mq4�Wv'��{)0�1mB��V����W[�����8�/<� �%���wT^�5���b��)iM� pg�N�&ݝ��VO~�q���u���9� ����!��J27����$O-���! �:�%H��� ـ����y�ΠM=t{!S�� oK8������t<����è:a������[�����ա�H���~��w��Qz`�po�^ ����Q��n� �,uu�C�$ ^���,������8�#��:�6��e�|~���!�3�3.�\0��q��o�4`.|� ����y�Q�`~;�d�ׯ,��O�Zw�������`73�v�܋�<���Ȏ�� ـ4k��5�K�a�u�=9Yd��$>x�A�&�� j0� ���vF��� Y�|�y��� ~�6�@c��1vOp�Ig����4��l�OD���L����� R���c���j�_�uX6��3?nk��Wy�f;^*B� ��@�~a�`��Eu������+���6�L��.ü>��}y���}_�O�6�͐�:�YrG�X��kG�����l^w���~㒶sy��Iu�!� W ��X��N�7BV��O��!X�2����wvG�R�f�T#�����t�/?���%8�^�W�aT��G�cL�M���I��(J����1~�8�?aT ���]����AS�E��(��*E}� 2��#I/�׍qz��^t�̔���b�Yz4x���t�){ OH��+(E��A&�N�������XT��o��"�XC��'���)}�J�z�p� ��~5�}�^����+�6����w��c��Q�|Lp�d�H��}�(�.|����k��c4^�"�����Z?ȕ ��a<�L�!039C� �Eu�C�F�Ew�ç ;�n?�*o���B�8�bʝ���'#Rqf���M}7����]����s2tcS{�\icTx;�\��7K���P���ʇ Z O-��~��c>"��?�������P��E��O�8��@�8��G��Q�g�a�Վ���󁶠�䧘��_%#r�>�1�z�a��eb��qcPѵ��n���#L��� =��׀t� L�7�`��V���A{�C:�g���e@�w1 Xp3�c3�ġ����p��M"'-�@n4���fG��B3�DJ�8[Jo�ߐ���gK)ƛ��$���� ���8�3�����+���� �����6�ʻ���� ���S�kI�*KZlT _`���?��K����QK�d����B`�s}�>���`��*�>��,*@J�d�oF*����弝��O}�k��s��]��y�ߘ��c1G�V���<=�7��7����6�q�PT��tXԀ�!9*4�4Tހ3XΛex�46���Y��D ����� �BdemDa����\�_l,��G�/���֌7���Y�](�xTt^%�GE�����4�}bT���ڹ�����;Y)���B�Q��u��>J/J �⮶.�XԄ��j�ݳ�+E��d ��r�5�_D�1 ��o�� �B�x�΢�#���<��W�����8���R6�@g�M�.��� dr�D��>(otU��@x=��~v���2� ӣ�d�oBd��3�eO�6�㣷�����ݜ6��6Y��Qz`��S��{���\P�~z m5{J/L��1������<�e�ͅPu�b�]�ϔ���'������f�b� Zpw��c`"��i���BD@:)ִ�:�]��hv�E�w���T�l��P���"Ju�}��وV J��G6��. J/�Qgl߭�e�����@�z�Zev2u�)]կ�����7x���s�M�-<ɯ�c��r�v�����@��$�ޮ}lk���a���'����>x��O\�ZFu>�����ck#��&:��`�$�ai�>2Δ����l���oF[h��lE�ܺ�Πk:)���`�� $[6�����9�����kOw�\|���8}������ބ:��񶐕��I�A1/�=�2[�,�!��.}gN#�u����b��� ~��݊��}34q����d�E��Lc��$��"�[q�U�硬g^��%B �z���r�pJ�ru%v\h1Y�ne`ǥ:g���pQM~�^�Xi� ��`S�:V29.�P���V�?B�k�� AEvw%�_�9C�Q����wKekPؠ�\�;Io d�{ ߞo�c1eP����\� `����E=���@K<�Y���eڼ�J���w����{av�F�'�M�@/J��+9p���|]�����Iw &`��8���&M�hg��[�{��Xj��%��Ӓ�$��(����ʹN���<>�I���RY���K2�NPlL�ɀ)��&e����B+ь����( � �JTx���_?EZ� }@ 6�U���뙢ط�z��dWI�n` D����噥�[��uV��"�G&Ú����2g�}&m��?ċ�"����Om#��������� ��{�ON��"S�X��Ne��ysQ���@Fn��Vg���dX�~nj�]J�<�K]:��FW��b�������62�=��5f����JKw��bf�X�55��~J �%^����:�-�QIE��P��v�nZum� z � ~ə ���� ���ة����;�f��\v���g�8�1��f24;�V���ǔ�)����9���1\��c��v�/'Ƞ�w�������$�4�R-��t���� e�6�/�ġ �̕Ecy�J���u�B���<�W�ַ~�w[B1L۲�-JS΂�{���΃������A��20�c#��@ 0!1@AP"#2Q`$3V�%45a6�FRUq��� ����^7ׅ,$n�������+��F�`��2X'��0vM��p�L=������5��8������u�p~���.�`r�����\���O��,ư�0oS ��_�M�����l���4�kv\JSd���x���SW�<��Ae�IX����������$I���w�:S���y���›R��9�Q[���,�5�;�@]�%���u�@ *ro�lbI �� ��+���%m:�͇ZV�����u�̉����θau<�fc�.����{�4Ա� �Q����*�Sm��8\ujqs]{kN���)qO�y�_*dJ�b�7���yQqI&9�ԌK!�M}�R�;������S�T���1���i[U�ɵz�]��U)V�S6���3$K{�ߊ<�(� E]Զ[ǼENg�����'�\?#)Dkf��J���o��v���'�%ƞ�&K�u�!��b�35LX�Ϸ��63$K�a�;�9>,R��W��3�3� d�JeTYE.Mϧ��-�o�j3+y��y^�c�������VO�9NV\nd�1 ��!͕_)a�v;����թ�M�lWR1��)El��P;��yوÏ�u 3�k�5Pr6<�⒲l�!˞*��u־�n�!�l:����UNW ��%��Chx8vL'��X�@��*��)���̮��ˍ��� ���D-M�+J�U�kvK����+�x8��cY������?�Ԡ��~3mo��|�u@[XeY�C�\Kp�x8�oC�C�&����N�~3-H���� ��MX�s�u<`���~"WL��$8ξ��3���a�)|:@�m�\���^�`�@ҷ)�5p+��6���p�%i)P M���ngc�����#0Aruz���RL+xSS?���ʮ}()#�t��mˇ!��0}}y����<�e� �-ή�Ԩ��X������ MF���ԙ~l L.3���}�V뽺�v�����멬��Nl�)�2����^�Iq��a��M��qG��T�����c3#������3U�Ǎ���}��לS�|qa��ڃ�+���-��2�f����/��bz��ڐ�� �ݼ[2�ç����k�X�2�* �Z�d���J�G����M*9W���s{��w���T��x��y,�in�O�v��]���n����P�$�JB@=4�OTI�n��e�22a\����q�d���%�$��(���:���: /*�K[PR�fr\nڙdN���F�n�$�4�[�� U�zƶ����� �mʋ���,�ao�u 3�z� �x��Kn����\[��VFmbE;�_U��&V�Gg�]L�۪&#n%�$ɯ�dG���D�TI=�%+AB�Ru#��b4�1�»x�cs�YzڙJG��f��Il��d�eF'T� iA��T���uC�$����Y��H?����[!G`}���ͪ� �纤Hv\������j�Ex�K���!���OiƸ�Yj�+u-<���'q����uN�*�r\��+�]���<�wOZ.fp�ێ��,-*)V?j-kÊ#�`�r��dV����(�ݽBk�����G�ƛk�QmUڗe��Z���f}|����8�8��a���i��3'J�����~G_�^���d�8w������ R�`(�~�.��u���l�s+g�bv���W���lGc}��u���afE~1�Ue������Z�0�8�=e�� f@/�jqEKQQ�J��oN��J���W5~M>$6�Lt�;$ʳ{���^��6�{����v6���ķܰg�V�cnn �~z�x�«�,2�u�?cE+Ș�H؎�%�Za�)���X>uW�Tz�Nyo����s���FQƤ��$��*�&�LLXL)�1�" L��eO��ɟ�9=���:t��Z���c��Ž���Y?�ӭV�wv�~,Y��r�ۗ�|�y��GaF�����C�����.�+� ���v1���fήJ�����]�S��T��B��n5sW}y�$��~z�'�c ��8 ��� ,! �p��VN�S��N�N�q��y8z˱�A��4��*��'������2n<�s���^ǧ˭P�Jޮɏ�U�G�L�J�*#��<�V��t7�8����TĜ>��i}K%,���)[��z�21z ?�N�i�n1?T�I�R#��m-�����������������1����lA�`��fT5+��ܐ�c�q՝��ʐ��,���3�f2U�եmab��#ŠdQ�y>\��)�SLY����w#��.���ʑ�f��� ,"+�w�~�N�'�c�O�3F�������N<���)j��&��,-� �љ���֊�_�zS���TǦ����w�>��?�������n��U仆�V���e�����0���$�C�d���rP �m�׈e�Xm�Vu� �L��.�bֹ��� �[Դaզ���*��\y�8�Է:�Ez\�0�Kq�C b��̘��cө���Q��=0Y��s�N��S.���3.���O�o:���#���v7�[#߫ ��5�܎�L���Er4���9n��COWlG�^��0k�%<���ZB���aB_���������'=��{i�v�l�$�uC���mƎҝ{�c㱼�y]���W�i ��ߧc��m�H� m�"�"�����;Y�ߝ�Z�Ǔ�����:S#��|}�y�,/k�Ld� TA�(�AI$+I3��;Y*���Z��}|��ӧO��d�v��..#:n��f>�>���ȶI�TX��� 8��y����"d�R�|�)0���=���n4��6ⲑ�+��r<�O�܂~zh�z����7ܓ�HH�Ga롏���nCo�>������a ���~]���R���̲c?�6(�q�;5%� |�uj�~z8R=X��I�V=�|{v�Gj\gc��q����z�؋%M�ߍ����1y��#��@f^���^�>N�����#x#۹��6�Y~�?�dfPO��{��P�4��V��u1E1J �*|���%���JN��`eWu�zk M6���q t[�� ��g�G���v��WIG��u_ft����5�j�"�Y�:T��ɐ���*�;� e5���4����q$C��2d�}���� _S�L#m�Yp��O�.�C�;��c����Hi#֩%+) �Ӎ��ƲV���SYź��g |���tj��3�8���r|���V��1#;.SQ�A[���S������#���`n�+���$��$I �P\[�@�s��(�ED�z���P��])8�G#��0B��[ى��X�II�q<��9�~[Z멜�Z�⊔IWU&A>�P~�#��dp<�?����7���c��'~���5 ��+$���lx@�M�dm��n<=e�dyX��?{�|Aef ,|n3�<~z�ƃ�uۧ�����P��Y,�ӥQ�*g�#먙R�\���;T��i,��[9Qi歉����c>]9�� ��"�c��P�� �Md?٥��If�ت�u��k��/����F��9�c*9��Ǎ:�ØF���z�n*�@|I�ށ9����N3{'��[�'ͬ�Ҳ4��#}��!�V� Fu��,�,mTIk���v C�7v���B�6k�T9��1�*l� '~��ƞF��lU��'�M ����][ΩũJ_�{�i�I�n��$���L�� j��O�dx�����kza۪��#�E��Cl����x˘�o�����V���ɞ�ljr��)�/,�߬h�L��#��^��L�ф�,íMƁe�̩�NB�L�����iL����q�}��(��q��6IçJ$�W�E$��:������=#����(�K�B����zђ <��K(�N�۫K�w��^O{!����)�H���>x�������lx�?>Պ�+�>�W���,Ly!_�D���Ō�l���Q�!�[ �S����J��1��Ɛ�Y}��b,+�Lo�x�ɓ)����=�y�oh�@�꥟/��I��ѭ=��P�y9��� �ۍYӘ�e+�p�Jnϱ?V\SO%�(�t� ���=?MR�[Ș�����d�/ ��n�l��B�7j� ��!�;ӥ�/�[-���A�>�dN�sLj ��,ɪv��=1c�.SQ�O3�U���ƀ�ܽ�E����������̻��9G�ϷD�7(�}��Ävӌ\�y�_0[w ���<΍>����a_��[0+�L��F.�޺��f�>oN�T����q;���y\��bՃ��y�jH�<|q-eɏ�_?_9+P���Hp$�����[ux�K w�Mw��N�ی'$Y2�=��q���KB��P��~������Yul:�[<����F1�2�O���5=d����]Y�sw:���Ϯ���E��j,_Q��X��z`H1,#II ��d�wr��P˂@�ZJV����y$�\y�{}��^~���[:N����ߌ�U�������O��d�����ؾe��${p>G��3c���Ė�lʌ�� ת��[��`ϱ�-W����dg�I��ig2��� ��}s ��ؤ(%#sS@���~���3�X�nRG�~\jc3�v��ӍL��M[JB�T��s3}��j�Nʖ��W����;7��ç?=X�F=-�=����q�ߚ���#���='�c��7���ڑW�I(O+=:uxq�������������e2�zi+�kuG�R��������0�&e�n���iT^J����~\jy���p'dtG��s����O��3����9* �b#Ɋ�� p������[Bws�T�>d4�ۧs���nv�n���U���_�~,�v����ƜJ1��s�� �QIz��)�(lv8M���U=�;����56��G���s#�K���MP�=��LvyGd��}�VwWBF�'�à �?MH�U�g2�� ����!�p�7Q��j��ڴ����=��j�u��� Jn�A s���uM������e��Ɔ�Ҕ�!)'��8Ϣ�ٔ��ޝ(��Vp���צ֖d=�IC�J�Ǡ{q������kԭ�߸���i��@K����u�|�p=..�*+����x�����z[Aqġ#s2a�Ɗ���RR�)*HRsi�~�a &f��M��P����-K�L@��Z��Xy�'x�{}��Zm+���:�)�) IJ�-i�u���� ���ܒH��'�L(7�y�GӜq���� j��� 6ߌg1�g�o���,kر���tY�?W,���p���e���f�OQS��!K�۟cҒA�|ս�j�>��=⬒��˧L[�� �߿2JaB~R��u�:��Q�] �0H~���]�7��Ƽ�I���(}��cq '�ήET���q�?f�ab���ӥvr� �)o��-Q��_'����ᴎo��K������;��V���o��%���~OK ����*��b�f:���-ťIR��`B�5!RB@���ï�� �u �̯e\�_U�_������� g�ES��3�������QT��a����x����U<~�c?�*�#]�MW,[8O�a�x��]�1bC|踤�P��lw5V%�)�{t�<��d��5���0i�XSU��m:��Z�┵�i�"��1�^B�-��P�hJ��&)O��*�D��c�W��vM��)����}���P��ܗ-q����\mmζZ-l@�}��a��E�6��F�@��&Sg@���ݚ�M����� ȹ 4����#p�\H����dYDo�H���"��\��..R�B�H�z_�/5˘����6��KhJR��P�mƶi�m���3�,#c�co��q�a)*Pt����R�m�k�7x�D�E�\Y�閣_X�<���~�)���c[[�BP����6�Yq���S��0����%_����;��Àv�~�| VS؇ ��'O0��F0��\���U�-�d@�����7�SJ*z��3n��y��P����O���������m�~�P�3|Y��ʉr#�C�<�G~�.,! ���bqx���h~0=��!ǫ�jy����l�O,�[B��~��|9��ٱ����Xly�#�i�B��g%�S��������tˋ���e���ې��\[d�t)��.+u�|1 ������#�~Oj����hS�%��i.�~X���I�H�m��0n���c�1uE�q��cF�RF�o���7� �O�ꮧ� ���ۛ{��ʛi5�rw?׌#Qn�TW��~?y$��m\�\o����%W� ?=>S�N@�� �Ʈ���R����N�)�r"C�:��:����� �����#��qb��Y�. �6[��2K����2u�Ǧ�HYR��Q�MV��� �G�$��Q+.>�����nNH��q�^��� ����q��mM��V��D�+�-�#*�U�̒ ���p욳��u:�������IB���m���PV@O���r[b= �� ��1U�E��_Nm�yKbN�O���U�}�the�`�|6֮P>�\2�P�V���I�D�i�P�O;�9�r�mAHG�W�S]��J*�_�G��+kP�2����Ka�Z���H�'K�x�W�MZ%�O�YD�Rc+o��?�q��Ghm��d�S�oh�\�D�|:W������UA�Qc yT�q������~^�H��/��#p�CZ���T�I�1�ӏT����4��"�ČZ�����}��`w�#�*,ʹ�� ��0�i��課�Om�*�da��^gJ݅{���l�e9uF#T�ֲ��̲�ٞC"�q���ߍ ոޑ�o#�XZTp����@ o�8��(jd��xw�]�,f���`~�|,s��^����f�1���t��|��m�򸄭/ctr��5s��7�9Q�4�H1꠲BB@l9@���C�����+�wp�xu�£Yc�9��?`@#�o�mH�s2��)�=��2�.�l����jg�9$�Y�S�%*L������R�Y������7Z���,*=�䷘$�������arm�o�ϰ���UW.|�r�uf����IGw�t����Zwo��~5 ��YյhO+=8fF�)�W�7�L9lM�̘·Y���֘YLf�큹�pRF���99.A �"wz��=E\Z���'a� 2��Ǚ�#;�'}�G���*��l��^"q��+2FQ� hj��kŦ��${���ޮ-�T�٭cf�|�3#~�RJ����t��$b�(R��(����r���dx� >U b�&9,>���%E\� Ά�e�$��'�q't��*�א���ެ�b��-|d���SB�O�O��$�R+�H�)�܎�K��1m`;�J�2�Y~9��O�g8=vqD`K[�F)k�[���1m޼c��n���]s�k�z$@��)!I �x՝"v��9=�ZA=`Ɠi �:�E��)`7��vI��}d�YI�_ �o�:ob���o ���3Q��&D&�2=�� �Ά��;>�h����y.*ⅥS������Ӭ�+q&����j|UƧ����}���J0��WW< ۋS�)jQR�j���Ư��rN)�Gű�4Ѷ(�S)Ǣ�8��i��W52���No˓� ۍ%�5brOn�L�;�n��\G����=�^U�dI���8$�&���h��'���+�(������cȁ߫k�l��S^���cƗjԌE�ꭔ��gF���Ȓ��@���}O���*;e�v�WV���YJ\�]X'5��ղ�k�F��b 6R�o՜m��i N�i����>J����?��lPm�U��}>_Z&�KK��q�r��I�D�Չ~�q�3fL�:S�e>���E���-G���{L�6p�e,8��������QI��h��a�Xa��U�A'���ʂ���s�+טIjP�-��y�8ۈZ?J$��W�P� ��R�s�]��|�l(�ԓ��sƊi��o(��S0��Y� 8�T97.�����WiL��c�~�dxc�E|�2!�X�K�Ƙਫ਼�$((�6�~|d9u+�qd�^3�89��Y�6L�.I�����?���iI�q���9�)O/뚅����O���X��X�V��ZF[�یgQ�L��K1���RҖr@v�#��X�l��F���Нy�S�8�7�kF!A��sM���^rkp�jP�DyS$N���q��nxҍ!U�f�!eh�i�2�m���`�Y�I�9r�6� �TF���C}/�y�^���Η���5d�'��9A-��J��>{�_l+�`��A���[�'��յ�ϛ#w:݅�%��X�}�&�PSt�Q�"�-��\縵�/����$Ɨh�Xb�*�y��BS����;W�ջ_mc�����vt?2}1�;qS�d�d~u:2k5�2�R�~�z+|HE!)�Ǟl��7`��0�<�,�2*���Hl-��x�^����'_TV�gZA�'j� ^�2Ϊ��N7t�����?w�� �x1��f��Iz�C-Ȗ��K�^q�;���-W�DvT�7��8�Z�������� hK�(P:��Q- �8�n�Z���܃e貾�<�1�YT<�,�����"�6{/ �?�͟��|1�:�#g��W�>$����d��J��d�B��=��jf[��%rE^��il:��B���x���Sּ�1հ��,�=��*�7 fcG��#q� �eh?��2�7�����,�!7x��6�n�LC�4x��},Geǝ�tC.��vS �F�43��zz\��;QYC,6����~;RYS/6���|2���5���v��T��i����������mlv��������&� �nRh^ejR�LG�f���? �ۉҬܦƩ��|��Ȱ����>3����!v��i�ʯ�>�v��オ�X3e���_1z�Kȗ\<������!�8���V��]��?b�k41�Re��T�q��mz��TiOʦ�Z��Xq���L������q"+���2ۨ��8}�&N7XU7Ap�d�X��~�׿��&4e�o�F��� �H����O���č�c�� 懴�6���͉��+)��v;j��ݷ�� �UV�� i��� j���Y9GdÒJ1��詞�����V?h��l����l�cGs�ځ�������y�Ac�����\V3�? �� ܙg�>qH�S,�E�W�[�㺨�uch�⍸�O�}���a��>�q�6�n6����N6�q������N ! 1AQaq�0@����"2BRb�#Pr���3C`��Scst���$4D���%Td�� ?���N����a��3��m���C���w��������xA�m�q�m���m������$����4n淿t'��C"w��zU=D�\R+w�p+Y�T�&�պ@��ƃ��3ޯ?�Aﶂ��aŘ���@-�����Q�=���9D��ռ�ѻ@��M�V��P��܅�G5�f�Y<�u=,EC)�<�Fy'�"�&�չ�X~f��l�KԆV��?�� �W�N����=(� �;���{�r����ٌ�Y���h{�١������jW����P���Tc�����X�K�r��}���w�R��%��?���E��m�� �Y�q|����\lEE4���r���}�lsI�Y������f�$�=�d�yO����p�����yBj8jU�o�/�S��?�U��*������ˍ�0������u�q�m [�?f����a�� )Q�>����6#������� ?����0UQ����,IX���(6ڵ[�DI�MNލ�c&���υ�j\��X�R|,4��� j������T�hA�e��^���d���b<����n�� �즇�=!���3�^�`j�h�ȓr��jẕ�c�,ٞX����-����a�ﶔ���#�$��]w�O��Ӫ�1y%��L�Y<�wg#�ǝ�̗`�x�xa�t�w��»1���o7o5��>�m뭛C���Uƃߜ}�C���y1Xνm�F8�jI���]����H���ۺиE@I�i;r�8ӭ����V�F�Շ| ��&?�3|x�B�MuS�Ge�=Ӕ�#BE5G�����Y!z��_e��q�р/W>|-�Ci߇�t�1ޯќd�R3�u��g�=0 5��[?�#͏��q�cf���H��{ ?u�=?�?ǯ���}Z��z���hmΔ�BFTW�����<�q�(v� ��!��z���iW]*�J�V�z��gX֧A�q�&��/w���u�gYӘa���; �i=����g:��?2�dž6�ى�k�4�>�Pxs����}������G�9��3 ���)gG�R<>r h�$��'nc�h�P��Bj��J�ҧH� -��N1���N��?��~��}-q!=��_2hc�M��l�vY%UE�@|�v����M2�.Y[|y�"Eï��K�ZF,�ɯ?,q�?v�M 80jx�"�;�9vk�����+ ֧�� �ȺU��?�%�vcV��mA�6��Qg^M����A}�3�nl� QRN�l8�kkn�'�����(��M�7m9و�q���%ޟ���*h$Zk"��$�9��: �?U8�Sl��,,|ɒ��xH(ѷ����Gn�/Q�4�P��G�%��Ա8�N��!� �&�7�;���eKM7�4��9R/%����l�c>�x;������>��C�:�����t��h?aKX�bhe�ᜋ^�$�Iհ �hr7%F$�E��Fd���t��5���+�(M6�t����Ü�UU|zW�=a�Ts�Tg������dqP�Q����b'�m���1{|Y����X�N��b �P~��F^F:����k6�"�j!�� �I�r�`��1&�-$�Bevk:y���#yw��I0��x��=D�4��tU���P�ZH��ڠ底taP��6����b>�xa����Q�#� WeF��ŮNj�p�J* mQ�N����*I�-*�ȩ�F�g�3 �5��V�ʊ�ɮ�a��5F���O@{���NX��?����H�]3��1�Ri_u��������ѕ�� ����0��� F��~��:60�p�͈�S��qX#a�5>���`�o&+�<2�D����: �������ڝ�$�nP���*)�N�|y�Ej�F�5ټ�e���ihy�Z �>���k�bH�a�v��h�-#���!�Po=@k̆IEN��@��}Ll?j�O������߭�ʞ���Q|A07x���wt!xf���I2?Z��<ץ�T���cU�j��]��陎Ltl �}5�ϓ��$�,��O�mˊ�;�@O��jE��j(�ا,��LX���LO���Ц�90�O �.����a��nA���7������j4 ��W��_ٓ���zW�jcB������y՗+EM�)d���N�g6�y1_x��p�$Lv:��9�"z��p���ʙ$��^��JԼ*�ϭ����o���=x�Lj�6�J��u82�A�H�3$�ٕ@�=Vv�]�'�qEz�;I˼��)��=��ɯ���x �/�W(V���p�����$ �m�������u�����񶤑Oqˎ�T����r��㠚x�sr�GC��byp�G��1ߠ�w e�8�$⿄����/�M{*}��W�]˷.�CK\�ުx���/$�WPw���r� |i���&�}�{�X� �>��$-��l���?-z���g����lΆ���(F���h�vS*���b���߲ڡn,|)mrH[���a�3�ר�[1��3o_�U�3�TC�$��(�=�)0�kgP���� ��u�^=��4 �WYCҸ:��vQ�ר�X�à��tk�m,�t*��^�,�}D*� �"(�I��9R����>`�`��[~Q]�#af��i6l��8���6�:,s�s�N6�j"�A4���IuQ��6E,�GnH��zS�HO�uk�5$�I�4��ؤ�Q9�@��C����wp�BGv[]�u�Ov���0I4���\��y�����Q�Ѹ��~>Z��8�T��a��q�ޣ;z��a���/��S��I:�ܫ_�|������>=Z����8:�S��U�I�J��"IY���8%b8���H��:�QO�6�;7�I�S��J��ҌAά3��>c���E+&jf$eC+�z�;��V����� �r���ʺ������my�e���aQ�f&��6�ND��.:��NT�vm�<- u���ǝ\MvZY�N�NT��-A�>jr!S��n�O 1�3�Ns�%�3D@���`������ܟ 1�^c<���� �a�ɽ�̲�Xë#�w�|y�cW�=�9I*H8�p�^(4���՗�k��arOcW�tO�\�ƍR��8����'�K���I�Q�����?5�>[�}��yU�ײ -h��=��% q�ThG�2�)���"ו3]�!kB��*p�FDl�A���,�eEi�H�f�Ps�����5�H:�Փ~�H�0Dت�D�I����h�F3�������c��2���E��9�H��5�zԑ�ʚ�i�X�=:m�xg�hd(�v����׊�9iS��O��d@0ڽ���:�p�5�h-��t�&���X�q�ӕ,��ie�|���7A�2���O%P��E��htj��Y1��w�Ѓ!����  ���� ࢽ��My�7�\�a�@�ţ�J �4�Ȼ�F�@o�̒?4�wx��)��]�P��~�����u�����5�����7X ��9��^ܩ�U;Iꭆ 5 �������eK2�7(�{|��Y׎ �V��\"���Z�1� Z�����}��(�Ǝ"�1S���_�vE30>���p;� ΝD��%x�W�?W?v����o�^V�i�d��r[��/&>�~`�9Wh��y�;���R��� ;;ɮT��?����r$�g1�K����A��C��c��K��l:�'��3 c�ﳯ*"t8�~l��)���m��+U,z��`(�>yJ�?����h>��]��v��ЍG*�{`��;y]��I�T� ;c��NU�fo¾h���/$���|NS���1�S�"�H��V���T���4��uhǜ�]�v;���5�͠x��'C\�SBpl���h}�N����� A�Bx���%��ޭ�l��/����T��w�ʽ]D�=����K���ž�r㻠l4�S�O?=�k �M:� ��c�C�a�#ha���)�ѐxc�s���gP�iG��{+���x���Q���I= �� z��ԫ+ �8"�k�ñ�j=|����c ��y��CF��/��*9ж�h{ �?4�o� ��k�m�Q�N�x��;�Y��4膚�a�w?�6�>e]�����Q�r�:����g�,i"�����ԩA�*M�<�G��b�if��l^M��5� �Ҩ�{����6J��ZJ�����P�*�����Y���ݛu�_4�9�I8�7���������,^ToR���m4�H��?�N�S�ѕw��/S��甍�@�9H�S�T��t�ƻ���ʒU��*{Xs�@����f�����֒Li�K{H�w^���������Ϥm�tq���s� ���ք��f:��o~s��g�r��ט� �S�ѱC�e]�x���a��) ���(b-$(�j>�7q�B?ӕ�F��hV25r[7 Y� }L�R��}����*sg+��x�r�2�U=�*'WS��ZDW]�WǞ�<��叓���{�$�9Ou4��y�90-�1�'*D`�c�^o?(�9��u���ݐ��'PI&� f�Jݮ�������:wS����jfP1F:X �H�9dԯ���˝[�_54 �}*;@�ܨ�� ð�yn�T���?�ןd�#���4rG�ͨ��H�1�|-#���Mr�S3��G�3�����)�.᧏3v�z֑��r����$G"�`j �1t��x0<Ɔ�Wh6�y�6��,œ�Ga��gA����y��b��)��h�D��ß�_�m��ü �gG;��e�v��ݝ�nQ� ��C����-�*��o���y�a��M��I�>�<���]obD��"�:���G�A��-\%LT�8���c�)��+y76���o�Q�#*{�(F�⽕�y����=���rW�\p���۩�c���A���^e6��K������ʐ�cVf5$�'->���ՉN"���F�"�UQ@�f��Gb~��#�&�M=��8�ט�JNu9��D��[̤�s�o�~������ G��9T�tW^g5y$b��Y'��س�Ǵ�=��U-2 #�MC�t(�i� �lj�@Q 5�̣i�*�O����s�x�K�f��}\��M{E�V�{�υ��Ƈ�����);�H����I��fe�Lȣr�2��>��W�I�Ȃ6������i��k�� �5�YOxȺ����>��Y�f5'��|��H+��98pj�n�.O�y�������jY��~��i�w'������l�;�s�2��Y��:'lg�ꥴ)o#'Sa�a�K��Z� �m��}�`169�n���"���x��I ��*+� }F<��cГ���F�P�������ֹ*�PqX�x۩��,� ��N�� �4<-����%����:��7����W���u�`����� $�?�I��&����o��o��`v�>��P��"��l���4��5'�Z�gE���8���?��[�X�7(��.Q�-��*���ތL@̲����v��.5���[��=�t\+�CNܛ��,g�SQnH����}*F�G16���&:�t��4ُ"A��̣��$�b �|����#rs��a�����T�� ]�<�j��BS�('$�ɻ� �wP;�/�n��?�ݜ��x�F��yUn�~mL*-�������Xf�wd^�a�}��f�,=t�׵i�.2/wpN�Ep8�OР���•��R�FJ� 55TZ��T �ɭ�<��]��/�0�r�@�f��V��V����Nz�G��^���7hZi����k��3�,kN�e|�vg�1{9]_i��X5y7� 8e]�U����'�-2,���e"����]ot�I��Y_��n�(JҼ��1�O ]bXc���Nu�No��pS���Q_���_�?i�~�x h5d'�(qw52] ��'ޤ�q��o1�R!���`ywy�A4u���h<קy���\[~�4�\ X�Wt/� 6�����n�F�a8��f���z �3$�t(���q��q�x��^�XWeN'p<-v�!�{�(>ӽDP7��ո0�y)�e$ٕv�Ih'Q�EA�m*�H��RI��=:��� ���4牢) �%_iN�ݧ�l]� �Nt���G��H�L��� ɱ�g<���1V�,�J~�ٹ�"K��Q�� 9�HS�9�?@��k����r�;we݁�]I�!{ �@�G�[�"��`���J:�n]�{�cA�E����V��ʆ���#��U9�6����j�#Y�m\��q�e4h�B�7��C�������d<�?J����1g:ٳ���=Y���D�p�ц� ׈ǔ��1�]26؜oS�'��9�V�FVu�P�h�9�xc�oq�X��p�o�5��Ա5$�9W�V(�[Ak�aY錎qf;�'�[�|���b�6�Ck��)��#a#a˙��8���=äh�4��2��C��4tm^ �n'c���]GQ$[Wҿ��i���vN�{Fu ��1�gx��1┷���N�m��{j-,��x�� Ūm�ЧS�[�s���Gna���䑴�� x�p 8<������97�Q���ϴ�v�aϚG��Rt�Һ׈�f^\r��WH�JU�7Z���y)�vg=����n��4�_)y��D'y�6�]�c�5̪�\� �PF�k����&�c;��cq�$~T�7j ���nç]�<�g ":�to�t}�159�<�/�8������m�b�K#g'I'.W�����6��I/��>v��\�MN��g���m�A�yQL�4u�Lj�j9��#44�t��l^�}L����n��R��!��t��±]��r��h6ٍ>�yҏ�N��fU�� ���� Fm@�8}�/u��jb9������he:A�y�ծw��GpΧh�5����l}�3p468��)U��d��c����;Us/�֔�YX�1�O2��uq�s��`hwg�r~�{ R��mhN��؎*q 42�*th��>�#���E����#��Hv�O����q�}�����6�e��\�,Wk�#���X��b>��p}�դ��3���T5��†��6��[��@�P�y*n��|'f�֧>�lư΂�̺����SU�'*�q�p�_S�����M�� '��c�6�����m�� ySʨ;M��r���Ƌ�m�Kxo,���Gm�P��A�G�:��i��w�9�}M(�^�V��$ǒ�ѽ�9���|���� �a����J�SQ�a���r�B;����}���ٻ֢�2�%U���c�#�g���N�a�ݕ�'�v�[�OY'��3L�3�;,p�]@�S��{ls��X�'���c�jw�k'a�.��}�}&�� �dP�*�bK=ɍ!����;3n�gΊU�ߴmt�'*{,=SzfD� A��ko~�G�aoq�_mi}#�m�������P�Xhύ����mxǍ�΂���巿zf��Q���c���|kc�����?���W��Y�$���_Lv����l߶��c���`?����l�j�ݲˏ!V��6����U�Ђ(A���4y)H���p�Z_�x��>���e��R��$�/�`^'3qˏ�-&Q�=?��CFVR �D�fV�9��{�8g�������n�h�(P"��6�[�D���< E�����~0<@�`�G�6����Hг�cc�� �c�K.5��D��d�B���`?�XQ��2��ٿyqo&+�1^� DW�0�ꊩ���G�#��Q�nL3��c���������/��x ��1�1[y�x�პCW��C�c�UĨ80�m�e�4.{�m��u���I=��f�����0QRls9���f���������9���~f�����Ǩ��a�"@�8���ȁ�Q����#c�ic������G��$���G���r/$W�(��W���V�"��m�7�[m�A�m����bo��D� j����۳� l���^�k�h׽����� ��#� iXn�v��eT�k�a�^Y�4�BN��ĕ��0 !01@Q"2AaPq3BR������?���@4�Q�����T3,���㺠�W�[=JK�Ϟ���2�r^7��vc�:�9 �E�ߴ�w�S#d���Ix��u��:��Hp��9E!�� V 2;73|F��9Y���*ʬ�F��D����u&���y؟��^EA��A��(ɩ���^��GV:ݜDy�`��Jr29ܾ�㝉��[���E;Fzx��YG��U�e�Y�C���� ����v-tx����I�sם�Ę�q��Eb�+P\ :>�i�C'�;�����k|z�رn�y]�#ǿb��Q��������w�����(�r|ӹs��[�D��2v-%��@;�8<a���[\o[ϧw��I!��*0�krs)�[�J9^��ʜ��p1)� "��/_>��o��<1����A�E�y^�C��`�x1'ܣn�p��s`l���fQ��):�l����b>�Me�jH^?�kl3(�z:���1ŠK&?Q�~�{�ٺ�h�y���/�[��V�|6��}�KbX����mn[-��7�5q�94�������dm���c^���h� X��5��<�eޘ>G���-�}�دB�ޟ� ��|�rt�M��V+�]�c?�-#ڛ��^ǂ}���Lkr���O��u�>�-D�ry� D?:ޞ�U��ǜ�7�V��?瓮�"�#���r��չģVR;�n���/_� ؉v�ݶe5d�b9��/O��009�G���5n�W����JpA�*�r9�>�1��.[t���s�F���nQ� V 77R�]�ɫ8����_0<՜�IF�u(v��4��F�k�3��E)��N:��yڮe��P�`�1}�$WS��J�SQ�N�j�ٺ��޵�#l���ј(�5=��5�lǏmoW�v-�1����v,W�mn��߀$x�<����v�j(����c]��@#��1������Ǔ���o'��u+����;G�#�޸��v-lη��/(`i⣍Pm^���ԯ̾9Z��F��������n��1��� ��]�[��)�'������:�֪�W��FC����� �B9،!?���]��V��A�Վ�M��b�w��G F>_DȬ0¤�#�QR�[V��kz���m�w�"��9ZG�7'[��=�Q����j8R?�zf�\a�=��O�U����*oB�A�|G���2�54 �p��.w7� �� ��&������ξxGHp� B%��$g�����t�Џ򤵍z���HN�u�Я�-�'4��0��;_��3 !01"@AQa2Pq#3BR������?��ʩca��en��^��8���<�u#��m*08r��y�N"�<�Ѳ0��@\�p��� �����Kv�D��J8�Fҽ� �f�Y��-m�ybX�NP����}�!*8t(�OqѢ��Q�wW�K��ZD��Δ^e��!� ��B�K��p~�����e*l}z#9ң�k���q#�Ft�o��S�R����-�w�!�S���Ӥß|M�l޶V��!eˈ�8Y���c�ЮM2��tk���� ������J�fS����Ö*i/2�����n]�k�\���|4yX�8��U�P.���Ы[���l��@"�t�<������5�lF���vU�����W��W��;�b�cД^6[#7@vU�xgZv��F�6��Q,K�v��� �+Ъ��n��Ǣ��Ft���8��0��c�@�!�Zq s�v�t�;#](B��-�nῃ~���3g������5�J�%���O������n�kB�ĺ�.r��+���#�N$?�q�/�s�6��p��a����a��J/��M�8��6�ܰ"�*������ɗud"\w���aT(����[��F��U՛����RT�b���n�*��6���O��SJ�.�ij<�v�MT��R\c��5l�sZB>F��<7�;EA��{��E���Ö��1U/�#��d1�a�n.1ě����0�ʾR�h��|�R��Ao�3�m3 ��%�� ���28Q� ��y��φ���H�To�7�lW>����#i`�q���c����a��� �m,B�-j����݋�'mR1Ήt�>��V��p���s�0IbI�C.���1R�ea�����]H�6����������4B>��o��](��$B���m�����a�!=��?�B� K�Ǿ+�Ծ"�n���K��*��+��[T#�{E�J�S����Q�����s�5�:�U�\wĐ�f�3����܆&�)����I���Ԇw��E T�lrTf6Q|R�h:��[K�� �z��c֧�G�C��%\��_�a�84��HcO�bi��ؖV��7H �)*ģK~Xhչ0��4?�0��� �E<���}3���#���u�?�� ��|g�S�6ꊤ�|�I#Hڛ� �ա��w�X��9��7���Ŀ%�SL��y6č��|�F�a 8���b��$�sק�h���b9RAu7�˨p�Č�_\*w��묦��F ����4D~�f����|(�"m���NK��i�S�>�$d7SlA��/�²����SL��|6N�}���S�˯���g��]6��; �#�.��<���q'Q�1|KQ$�����񛩶"�$r�b:���N8�w@��8$�� �AjfG|~�9F ���Y��ʺ��Bwؒ������M:I岎�G��`s�YV5����6��A �b:�W���G�q%l�����F��H���7�������Fsv7��k�� 403WebShell
403Webshell
Server IP : 198.54.115.249  /  Your IP : 216.73.216.150
Web Server : LiteSpeed
System : Linux server66.web-hosting.com 4.18.0-553.44.1.lve.el8.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Mar 13 14:29:12 UTC 2025 x86_64
User : digigcnj ( 11081)
PHP Version : 8.0.30
Disable Function : NONE
MySQL : OFF  |  cURL : ON  |  WGET : ON  |  Perl : ON  |  Python : ON  |  Sudo : OFF  |  Pkexec : OFF
Directory :  /opt/cpanel/ea-openssl11/share/doc/openssl/html/man1/

Upload File :
current_dir [ Writeable ] document_root [ Writeable ]

 

Command :


[ Back ]     

Current File : /opt/cpanel/ea-openssl11/share/doc/openssl/html/man1/openssl.html
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>openssl</title>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<link rev="made" href="mailto:root@localhost" />
</head>

<body>



<ul id="index">
  <li><a href="#NAME">NAME</a></li>
  <li><a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
  <li><a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
  <li><a href="#COMMAND-SUMMARY">COMMAND SUMMARY</a>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#Standard-Commands">Standard Commands</a></li>
      <li><a href="#Message-Digest-Commands">Message Digest Commands</a></li>
      <li><a href="#Encoding-and-Cipher-Commands">Encoding and Cipher Commands</a></li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li><a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#Common-Options">Common Options</a></li>
      <li><a href="#Pass-Phrase-Options">Pass Phrase Options</a></li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li><a href="#SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
  <li><a href="#HISTORY">HISTORY</a></li>
  <li><a href="#COPYRIGHT">COPYRIGHT</a></li>
</ul>

<h1 id="NAME">NAME</h1>

<p>openssl - OpenSSL command line tool</p>

<h1 id="SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</h1>

<p><b>openssl</b> <i>command</i> [ <i>command_opts</i> ] [ <i>command_args</i> ]</p>

<p><b>openssl</b> <b>list</b> [ <b>standard-commands</b> | <b>digest-commands</b> | <b>cipher-commands</b> | <b>cipher-algorithms</b> | <b>digest-algorithms</b> | <b>public-key-algorithms</b>]</p>

<p><b>openssl</b> <b>no-</b><i>XXX</i> [ <i>arbitrary options</i> ]</p>

<h1 id="DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</h1>

<p>OpenSSL is a cryptography toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) network protocols and related cryptography standards required by them.</p>

<p>The <b>openssl</b> program is a command line tool for using the various cryptography functions of OpenSSL&#39;s <b>crypto</b> library from the shell. It can be used for</p>

<pre><code> o  Creation and management of private keys, public keys and parameters
 o  Public key cryptographic operations
 o  Creation of X.509 certificates, CSRs and CRLs
 o  Calculation of Message Digests
 o  Encryption and Decryption with Ciphers
 o  SSL/TLS Client and Server Tests
 o  Handling of S/MIME signed or encrypted mail
 o  Time Stamp requests, generation and verification</code></pre>

<h1 id="COMMAND-SUMMARY">COMMAND SUMMARY</h1>

<p>The <b>openssl</b> program provides a rich variety of commands (<i>command</i> in the SYNOPSIS above), each of which often has a wealth of options and arguments (<i>command_opts</i> and <i>command_args</i> in the SYNOPSIS).</p>

<p>Detailed documentation and use cases for most standard subcommands are available (e.g., <a href="../man1/x509.html">x509(1)</a> or <a href="../man1/openssl-x509.html">openssl-x509(1)</a>).</p>

<p>Many commands use an external configuration file for some or all of their arguments and have a <b>-config</b> option to specify that file. The environment variable <b>OPENSSL_CONF</b> can be used to specify the location of the file. If the environment variable is not specified, then the file is named <b>openssl.cnf</b> in the default certificate storage area, whose value depends on the configuration flags specified when the OpenSSL was built.</p>

<p>The list parameters <b>standard-commands</b>, <b>digest-commands</b>, and <b>cipher-commands</b> output a list (one entry per line) of the names of all standard commands, message digest commands, or cipher commands, respectively, that are available in the present <b>openssl</b> utility.</p>

<p>The list parameters <b>cipher-algorithms</b> and <b>digest-algorithms</b> list all cipher and message digest names, one entry per line. Aliases are listed as:</p>

<pre><code> from =&gt; to</code></pre>

<p>The list parameter <b>public-key-algorithms</b> lists all supported public key algorithms.</p>

<p>The command <b>no-</b><i>XXX</i> tests whether a command of the specified name is available. If no command named <i>XXX</i> exists, it returns 0 (success) and prints <b>no-</b><i>XXX</i>; otherwise it returns 1 and prints <i>XXX</i>. In both cases, the output goes to <b>stdout</b> and nothing is printed to <b>stderr</b>. Additional command line arguments are always ignored. Since for each cipher there is a command of the same name, this provides an easy way for shell scripts to test for the availability of ciphers in the <b>openssl</b> program. (<b>no-</b><i>XXX</i> is not able to detect pseudo-commands such as <b>quit</b>, <b>list</b>, or <b>no-</b><i>XXX</i> itself.)</p>

<h2 id="Standard-Commands">Standard Commands</h2>

<dl>

<dt id="asn1parse"><b>asn1parse</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Parse an ASN.1 sequence.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="ca"><b>ca</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Certificate Authority (CA) Management.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="ciphers"><b>ciphers</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Cipher Suite Description Determination.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="cms"><b>cms</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>CMS (Cryptographic Message Syntax) utility.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="crl"><b>crl</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Management.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="crl2pkcs7"><b>crl2pkcs7</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>CRL to PKCS#7 Conversion.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="dgst"><b>dgst</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Message Digest Calculation.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="dh"><b>dh</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Diffie-Hellman Parameter Management. Obsoleted by <a href="../man1/dhparam.html">dhparam(1)</a>.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="dhparam"><b>dhparam</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Generation and Management of Diffie-Hellman Parameters. Superseded by <a href="../man1/genpkey.html">genpkey(1)</a> and <a href="../man1/pkeyparam.html">pkeyparam(1)</a>.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="dsa"><b>dsa</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>DSA Data Management.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="dsaparam"><b>dsaparam</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>DSA Parameter Generation and Management. Superseded by <a href="../man1/genpkey.html">genpkey(1)</a> and <a href="../man1/pkeyparam.html">pkeyparam(1)</a>.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="ec"><b>ec</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>EC (Elliptic curve) key processing.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="ecparam"><b>ecparam</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>EC parameter manipulation and generation.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="enc"><b>enc</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Encoding with Ciphers.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="engine"><b>engine</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Engine (loadable module) information and manipulation.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="errstr"><b>errstr</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Error Number to Error String Conversion.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="gendh"><b>gendh</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Generation of Diffie-Hellman Parameters. Obsoleted by <a href="../man1/dhparam.html">dhparam(1)</a>.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="gendsa"><b>gendsa</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Generation of DSA Private Key from Parameters. Superseded by <a href="../man1/genpkey.html">genpkey(1)</a> and <a href="../man1/pkey.html">pkey(1)</a>.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="genpkey"><b>genpkey</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Generation of Private Key or Parameters.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="genrsa"><b>genrsa</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Generation of RSA Private Key. Superseded by <a href="../man1/genpkey.html">genpkey(1)</a>.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="nseq"><b>nseq</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Create or examine a Netscape certificate sequence.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="ocsp"><b>ocsp</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Online Certificate Status Protocol utility.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="passwd"><b>passwd</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Generation of hashed passwords.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="pkcs12"><b>pkcs12</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>PKCS#12 Data Management.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="pkcs7"><b>pkcs7</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>PKCS#7 Data Management.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="pkcs8"><b>pkcs8</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>PKCS#8 format private key conversion tool.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="pkey"><b>pkey</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Public and private key management.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="pkeyparam"><b>pkeyparam</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Public key algorithm parameter management.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="pkeyutl"><b>pkeyutl</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Public key algorithm cryptographic operation utility.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="prime"><b>prime</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Compute prime numbers.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="rand"><b>rand</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Generate pseudo-random bytes.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="rehash"><b>rehash</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Create symbolic links to certificate and CRL files named by the hash values.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="req"><b>req</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>PKCS#10 X.509 Certificate Signing Request (CSR) Management.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="rsa"><b>rsa</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>RSA key management.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="rsautl"><b>rsautl</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>RSA utility for signing, verification, encryption, and decryption. Superseded by <a href="../man1/pkeyutl.html">pkeyutl(1)</a>.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="s_client"><b>s_client</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>This implements a generic SSL/TLS client which can establish a transparent connection to a remote server speaking SSL/TLS. It&#39;s intended for testing purposes only and provides only rudimentary interface functionality but internally uses mostly all functionality of the OpenSSL <b>ssl</b> library.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="s_server"><b>s_server</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>This implements a generic SSL/TLS server which accepts connections from remote clients speaking SSL/TLS. It&#39;s intended for testing purposes only and provides only rudimentary interface functionality but internally uses mostly all functionality of the OpenSSL <b>ssl</b> library. It provides both an own command line oriented protocol for testing SSL functions and a simple HTTP response facility to emulate an SSL/TLS-aware webserver.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="s_time"><b>s_time</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SSL Connection Timer.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="sess_id"><b>sess_id</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SSL Session Data Management.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="smime"><b>smime</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>S/MIME mail processing.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="speed"><b>speed</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Algorithm Speed Measurement.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="spkac"><b>spkac</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SPKAC printing and generating utility.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="srp"><b>srp</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Maintain SRP password file.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="storeutl"><b>storeutl</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Utility to list and display certificates, keys, CRLs, etc.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="ts"><b>ts</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Time Stamping Authority tool (client/server).</p>

</dd>
<dt id="verify"><b>verify</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>X.509 Certificate Verification.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="version"><b>version</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>OpenSSL Version Information.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="x509"><b>x509</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>X.509 Certificate Data Management.</p>

</dd>
</dl>

<h2 id="Message-Digest-Commands">Message Digest Commands</h2>

<dl>

<dt id="blake2b512"><b>blake2b512</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>BLAKE2b-512 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="blake2s256"><b>blake2s256</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>BLAKE2s-256 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="md2"><b>md2</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>MD2 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="md4"><b>md4</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>MD4 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="md5"><b>md5</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>MD5 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="mdc2"><b>mdc2</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>MDC2 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="rmd160"><b>rmd160</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>RMD-160 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="sha1"><b>sha1</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SHA-1 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="sha224"><b>sha224</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SHA-2 224 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="sha256"><b>sha256</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SHA-2 256 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="sha384"><b>sha384</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SHA-2 384 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="sha512"><b>sha512</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SHA-2 512 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="sha3-224"><b>sha3-224</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SHA-3 224 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="sha3-256"><b>sha3-256</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SHA-3 256 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="sha3-384"><b>sha3-384</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SHA-3 384 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="sha3-512"><b>sha3-512</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SHA-3 512 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="shake128"><b>shake128</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SHA-3 SHAKE128 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="shake256"><b>shake256</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SHA-3 SHAKE256 Digest</p>

</dd>
<dt id="sm3"><b>sm3</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SM3 Digest</p>

</dd>
</dl>

<h2 id="Encoding-and-Cipher-Commands">Encoding and Cipher Commands</h2>

<p>The following aliases provide convenient access to the most used encodings and ciphers.</p>

<p>Depending on how OpenSSL was configured and built, not all ciphers listed here may be present. See <a href="../man1/enc.html">enc(1)</a> for more information and command usage.</p>

<dl>

<dt id="aes128-aes-128-cbc-aes-128-cfb-aes-128-ctr-aes-128-ecb-aes-128-ofb"><b>aes128</b>, <b>aes-128-cbc</b>, <b>aes-128-cfb</b>, <b>aes-128-ctr</b>, <b>aes-128-ecb</b>, <b>aes-128-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>AES-128 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="aes192-aes-192-cbc-aes-192-cfb-aes-192-ctr-aes-192-ecb-aes-192-ofb"><b>aes192</b>, <b>aes-192-cbc</b>, <b>aes-192-cfb</b>, <b>aes-192-ctr</b>, <b>aes-192-ecb</b>, <b>aes-192-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>AES-192 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="aes256-aes-256-cbc-aes-256-cfb-aes-256-ctr-aes-256-ecb-aes-256-ofb"><b>aes256</b>, <b>aes-256-cbc</b>, <b>aes-256-cfb</b>, <b>aes-256-ctr</b>, <b>aes-256-ecb</b>, <b>aes-256-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>AES-256 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="aria128-aria-128-cbc-aria-128-cfb-aria-128-ctr-aria-128-ecb-aria-128-ofb"><b>aria128</b>, <b>aria-128-cbc</b>, <b>aria-128-cfb</b>, <b>aria-128-ctr</b>, <b>aria-128-ecb</b>, <b>aria-128-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Aria-128 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="aria192-aria-192-cbc-aria-192-cfb-aria-192-ctr-aria-192-ecb-aria-192-ofb"><b>aria192</b>, <b>aria-192-cbc</b>, <b>aria-192-cfb</b>, <b>aria-192-ctr</b>, <b>aria-192-ecb</b>, <b>aria-192-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Aria-192 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="aria256-aria-256-cbc-aria-256-cfb-aria-256-ctr-aria-256-ecb-aria-256-ofb"><b>aria256</b>, <b>aria-256-cbc</b>, <b>aria-256-cfb</b>, <b>aria-256-ctr</b>, <b>aria-256-ecb</b>, <b>aria-256-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Aria-256 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="base64"><b>base64</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Base64 Encoding</p>

</dd>
<dt id="bf-bf-cbc-bf-cfb-bf-ecb-bf-ofb"><b>bf</b>, <b>bf-cbc</b>, <b>bf-cfb</b>, <b>bf-ecb</b>, <b>bf-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Blowfish Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="camellia128-camellia-128-cbc-camellia-128-cfb-camellia-128-ctr-camellia-128-ecb-camellia-128-ofb"><b>camellia128</b>, <b>camellia-128-cbc</b>, <b>camellia-128-cfb</b>, <b>camellia-128-ctr</b>, <b>camellia-128-ecb</b>, <b>camellia-128-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Camellia-128 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="camellia192-camellia-192-cbc-camellia-192-cfb-camellia-192-ctr-camellia-192-ecb-camellia-192-ofb"><b>camellia192</b>, <b>camellia-192-cbc</b>, <b>camellia-192-cfb</b>, <b>camellia-192-ctr</b>, <b>camellia-192-ecb</b>, <b>camellia-192-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Camellia-192 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="camellia256-camellia-256-cbc-camellia-256-cfb-camellia-256-ctr-camellia-256-ecb-camellia-256-ofb"><b>camellia256</b>, <b>camellia-256-cbc</b>, <b>camellia-256-cfb</b>, <b>camellia-256-ctr</b>, <b>camellia-256-ecb</b>, <b>camellia-256-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Camellia-256 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="cast-cast-cbc"><b>cast</b>, <b>cast-cbc</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>CAST Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="cast5-cbc-cast5-cfb-cast5-ecb-cast5-ofb"><b>cast5-cbc</b>, <b>cast5-cfb</b>, <b>cast5-ecb</b>, <b>cast5-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>CAST5 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="chacha20"><b>chacha20</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Chacha20 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="des-des-cbc-des-cfb-des-ecb-des-ede-des-ede-cbc-des-ede-cfb-des-ede-ofb-des-ofb"><b>des</b>, <b>des-cbc</b>, <b>des-cfb</b>, <b>des-ecb</b>, <b>des-ede</b>, <b>des-ede-cbc</b>, <b>des-ede-cfb</b>, <b>des-ede-ofb</b>, <b>des-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>DES Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="des3-desx-des-ede3-des-ede3-cbc-des-ede3-cfb-des-ede3-ofb"><b>des3</b>, <b>desx</b>, <b>des-ede3</b>, <b>des-ede3-cbc</b>, <b>des-ede3-cfb</b>, <b>des-ede3-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Triple-DES Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="idea-idea-cbc-idea-cfb-idea-ecb-idea-ofb"><b>idea</b>, <b>idea-cbc</b>, <b>idea-cfb</b>, <b>idea-ecb</b>, <b>idea-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>IDEA Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="rc2-rc2-cbc-rc2-cfb-rc2-ecb-rc2-ofb"><b>rc2</b>, <b>rc2-cbc</b>, <b>rc2-cfb</b>, <b>rc2-ecb</b>, <b>rc2-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>RC2 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="rc4"><b>rc4</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>RC4 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="rc5-rc5-cbc-rc5-cfb-rc5-ecb-rc5-ofb"><b>rc5</b>, <b>rc5-cbc</b>, <b>rc5-cfb</b>, <b>rc5-ecb</b>, <b>rc5-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>RC5 Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="seed-seed-cbc-seed-cfb-seed-ecb-seed-ofb"><b>seed</b>, <b>seed-cbc</b>, <b>seed-cfb</b>, <b>seed-ecb</b>, <b>seed-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SEED Cipher</p>

</dd>
<dt id="sm4-sm4-cbc-sm4-cfb-sm4-ctr-sm4-ecb-sm4-ofb"><b>sm4</b>, <b>sm4-cbc</b>, <b>sm4-cfb</b>, <b>sm4-ctr</b>, <b>sm4-ecb</b>, <b>sm4-ofb</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>SM4 Cipher</p>

</dd>
</dl>

<h1 id="OPTIONS">OPTIONS</h1>

<p>Details of which options are available depend on the specific command. This section describes some common options with common behavior.</p>

<h2 id="Common-Options">Common Options</h2>

<dl>

<dt id="help"><b>-help</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Provides a terse summary of all options.</p>

</dd>
</dl>

<h2 id="Pass-Phrase-Options">Pass Phrase Options</h2>

<p>Several commands accept password arguments, typically using <b>-passin</b> and <b>-passout</b> for input and output passwords respectively. These allow the password to be obtained from a variety of sources. Both of these options take a single argument whose format is described below. If no password argument is given and a password is required then the user is prompted to enter one: this will typically be read from the current terminal with echoing turned off.</p>

<p>Note that character encoding may be relevant, please see <a href="../man7/passphrase-encoding.html">passphrase-encoding(7)</a>.</p>

<dl>

<dt id="pass:password"><b>pass:password</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>The actual password is <b>password</b>. Since the password is visible to utilities (like &#39;ps&#39; under Unix) this form should only be used where security is not important.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="env:var"><b>env:var</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Obtain the password from the environment variable <b>var</b>. Since the environment of other processes is visible on certain platforms (e.g. ps under certain Unix OSes) this option should be used with caution.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="file:pathname"><b>file:pathname</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>The first line of <b>pathname</b> is the password. If the same <b>pathname</b> argument is supplied to <b>-passin</b> and <b>-passout</b> arguments then the first line will be used for the input password and the next line for the output password. <b>pathname</b> need not refer to a regular file: it could for example refer to a device or named pipe.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="fd:number"><b>fd:number</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Read the password from the file descriptor <b>number</b>. This can be used to send the data via a pipe for example.</p>

</dd>
<dt id="stdin"><b>stdin</b></dt>
<dd>

<p>Read the password from standard input.</p>

</dd>
</dl>

<h1 id="SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</h1>

<p><a href="../man1/asn1parse.html">asn1parse(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/ca.html">ca(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/ciphers.html">ciphers(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/cms.html">cms(1)</a>, <a href="../man5/config.html">config(5)</a>, <a href="../man1/crl.html">crl(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/crl2pkcs7.html">crl2pkcs7(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/dgst.html">dgst(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/dhparam.html">dhparam(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/dsa.html">dsa(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/dsaparam.html">dsaparam(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/ec.html">ec(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/ecparam.html">ecparam(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/enc.html">enc(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/engine.html">engine(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/errstr.html">errstr(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/gendsa.html">gendsa(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/genpkey.html">genpkey(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/genrsa.html">genrsa(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/nseq.html">nseq(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/ocsp.html">ocsp(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/passwd.html">passwd(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/pkcs12.html">pkcs12(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/pkcs7.html">pkcs7(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/pkcs8.html">pkcs8(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/pkey.html">pkey(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/pkeyparam.html">pkeyparam(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/pkeyutl.html">pkeyutl(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/prime.html">prime(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/rand.html">rand(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/rehash.html">rehash(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/req.html">req(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/rsa.html">rsa(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/rsautl.html">rsautl(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/s_client.html">s_client(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/s_server.html">s_server(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/s_time.html">s_time(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/sess_id.html">sess_id(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/smime.html">smime(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/speed.html">speed(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/spkac.html">spkac(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/srp.html">srp(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/storeutl.html">storeutl(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/ts.html">ts(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/verify.html">verify(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/version.html">version(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/x509.html">x509(1)</a>, <a href="../man7/crypto.html">crypto(7)</a>, <a href="../man7/ssl.html">ssl(7)</a>, <a href="../man5/x509v3_config.html">x509v3_config(5)</a></p>

<h1 id="HISTORY">HISTORY</h1>

<p>The <b>list-</b><i>XXX</i><b>-algorithms</b> pseudo-commands were added in OpenSSL 1.0.0; For notes on the availability of other commands, see their individual manual pages.</p>

<h1 id="COPYRIGHT">COPYRIGHT</h1>

<p>Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.</p>

<p>Licensed under the OpenSSL license (the &quot;License&quot;). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at <a href="https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html">https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html</a>.</p>


</body>

</html>



Youez - 2016 - github.com/yon3zu
LinuXploit